(Cases) n = 441 (%)

(Controls) n = 441 (%)

OR [95% CI]

p value

Pregnancy complications

38 (8.6)

41 (9.3)

0.92 [0.58, 1.46]

0.724

Induction of labour

93 (21.1)

73 (16.6)

1.45 [1.03, 2.06]

0.020

Caesarean section

134 (30.4)

104 (23.6)

1.41 [1.05, 1.91]

0.023

Epidural

62 (14.1)

63 (14.3)

0.98 [0.67, 1.43]

0.923

3rd/4th degree tear

6 (1.4)

6 (1.4)

1.10 [0.35, 3.47]

0.053

Birth weight (grams) Mean ± sd

3495 ± 572

3479 ± 523

1.00 [1.00 - 1.00]

0.680

>4500 (ref: ≤4500 g)

18 (4.1)

9 (2.1)

2.03 [0.90, 4.57]

0.082

Missing

2

5

Gestational age at birth (weeks) Mean ± sd

39.2 ± 1.5

39.2 ± 1.8

0.99 [0.91 - 1.07]

0.736

<37 weeks (ref: ≥37 wks)

23 (5.2)

23 (5.2)

1.00 [0.55, 1.81]

1.000

>41 weeks (ref: ≤41 wks)

7 (1.6)

6 (1.4)

1.17 [0.39, 3.51]

0.780

5 min Apgar 5 or less

2 (0.5)

1 (0.23)

2.0 [0.18, 22.1]

0.564

Missing

0

1

Admission to SCN

61 (13.8)

50 (11.4)

1.25 [0.84, 1.87]

0.270

Missing

0

1

Neonatal hypoglycaemia

11 (2.5)

10 (2.3)

1.10 [0.46, 2.62]

0.825